基于51单片机的洗衣机控制系统设计(附硬件电路图,主程序)(任务书,开题报告,论文12000字)
摘 要
本系统根据对全自动洗衣机的设计构想，从功能要求、硬件电路、控制程序设计三个方面构建了一个以MCS51单片机为控制核心的全自动控制系统，其中硬件电路及控制程序的设计是该实现该系统的关键。在本文设计的全自动洗衣机控制系统中，整个系统分为硬件和软件两大部分，在系统功能上包含进水，洗涤，排水，脱水，报警，强行停止这些功能。硬件电路的设计主要包含单片机控制电路、状态显示电路、进出水阀控制电路、数值显示电路、蜂鸣器电路、按键控制电路、和电机控制电路这几个部分。控制程序设计主要包括系统主程序、控制系统各部分功能的子程序、外部中断程序的设计。为了降低系统的设计周期，尽可能地避免不必要的失误，从整个系统设计的初期到整个系统设计最后的检测，对整个系统实现的各个环节都会进行仿真测试。
关键词：全自动洗衣机、单片机、硬件电路设计、控制程序编写
Abstract
Based on the design idea of the automatic washing machine, this system constructs a fully automatic control system with MCS51 single-chip as the control core from the three aspects of functional requirements, hardware circuit and control program design. The design of hardware circuit and control program is the realization The key to the system. In this article designed automatic washing machine control system, the whole system is divided into two parts of hardware and software, including water, washing, drainage, dehydration, alarm, forced to stop these functions. The design of the hardware circuit mainly includes the single-chip control circuit, the state display circuit, the inlet and outlet valve control circuit, the numerical display circuit, the buzzer circuit, the key control circuit, and the motor control circuit. The control program design mainly includes the main program of the system, the subroutine of the function of the control system and the design of the external interrupt program. In order to reduce the design cycle of the system, as far as possible to avoid unnecessary mistakes, from the beginning of the entire system design to the final design of the entire system, the entire system to achieve all aspects of the simulation test.
Key Words: Automatic washing machine, single chip, hardware circuit design, software design.
目 录
第一章 绪论---------------------------------------------------------1
1.1 洗衣机的发展历史-----------------------------------------------1
1.2 洗衣机的工作原理-----------------------------------------------2
1.3 课题提出的目的及意义-------------------------------------------2
1.4 课题研究的内容及目标-------------------------------------------3
第二章 全自动洗衣机的设计方案---------------------------------------5
2.1 开关与按键-----------------------------------------------------5
2.2 洗衣机自检-----------------------------------------------------5
2.3 洗衣程序-------------------------------------------------------5
2.4 显示设置-------------------------------------------------------6
第三章 软件系统的设计-----------------------------------------------7
3.1 主程序的设计 --------------------------------------------------7
3.2 各子程序设计---------------------------------------------------8
3.2.1 漂洗子程序-----------------------------------------------9
3.2.2 脱水子程序----------------------------------------------10
3.3 仿真实验------------------------------------------------------10
第四章 硬件电路的设计----------------------------------------------12
4.1 总体方案设计--------------------------------------------------12
4.2 器件及其原理介绍----------------------------------------------12
4.3 主控电路的设计------------------------------------------------13
4.3.1 AT89C51简介-------------------------------------------- 13
4.3.2 AT89C51外围辅助电路设计 --------------------------------14
4.4 各部分电路的设计----------------------------------------------15
4.4.1 启动停止电路设计----------------------------------------15
4.4.2 显示报警电路设计----------------------------------------16
4.5 硬件电路的实现中遇到的问题------------------------------------17
第五章 总 结 -----------------------------------------------------19
参考文献-----------------------------------------------------------20
致谢---------------------------------------------------------------21
附录Ⅰ 洗衣机控制系统总程序---------------------------------------22
附录Ⅱ 洗衣机自动控制系统硬件电路图------------------------------ 32
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