基于单片机的二维钻削力测量系统设计(附元器件清单,程序清单)(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文12000字,元器件清单,程序清单)
摘要
钻削是在钻床上进行加工轴向内孔的一种加工方法,在钻削过程中不可缺少的会产生力的作用,这种力就是钻削力。钻削力通常与钻头材料,钻削材料有关。在机械上,了解并测量钻削力对于提高加工零件的精度,对改善钻削条件提高钻削效率有着极大地帮助。
随着测试手段的现代化,钻削力的测量方法有了很大的发展,在很多场合下已经能很精确地测量钻削力。本次毕业设计的目的就是要测量钻削力的两个分量,即本次测试系统的测试对象就是钻削过程中的轴向力Fz和扭矩M。因此可以采用电阻应变式传感器达到对测量信号的采集,轴向力的测量采用电阻应变式压力传感器,扭矩的测量采用电阻应变式扭矩传感器。
传感器采集到的信号为模拟信号。本次设计是基于单片机的测量,所以要利用软件程序的编写,来达到对测量信号的采集。而单片机只能采集数字信号,本次设计要利用AD转换电路,将采集到的模拟信号转换为数字信号,最后通过单片机与上位机Labview的连接,将采集到的信号显示出来。
关键词:钻削力;传感器;单片机;AD转换电路;Labview
Abstract
Drilling is a machining method in the machining of axial bore holes in the drilling machine, which is an indispensable role in the drilling process. This force is the drilling force.Drilling forces are usually associated with bit materials, drilling materials.In the machinery, to understand and measure the drilling force to improve the accuracy of processing parts, to improve the drilling conditions to improve drilling efficiency has been greatly helpful.
With the modernization of the test methods, the drilling force measurement method has been greatly developed, in many cases has been able to accurately measure the drilling force.The purpose of this graduation design is to measure the two components of the drilling force, that is, the test system of the test object is the drilling process of the axial force Fz and torque M.So you can use the resistance strain sensor to achieve the measurement of the signal acquisition, axial force measurement using resistance strain gauge pressure sensor, torque measurement using resistance strain type torque sensor.
The signal collected by the sensor is an analog signal.This design is based on the single-chip measurement, so the use of software programs to write, to achieve the measurement signal acquisition.And the microcontroller can only collect digital signals, the design to use the AD conversion circuit, the collected analog signal into a digital signal, and finally through the microcontroller and the host computer Labview connection, the collected signal is displayed.
Key Words:Drilling force;sensor;Single chip;AD conversion circuit;Labview
目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究的目的及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 研究的基本内容 2
第2章 钻削二维力测量的方案 3
2.1 钻削力范围的确定 3
2.2 钻削过程受力分解 3
2.3 钻削力测量设计方案的比较与选择 4
2.3.1 力传感器结构形式的选择 4
2.3.2 拟采用总体设计方案一 5
2.3.3 拟采用总体设计方案二 6
2.3.4 最终方案的确定 6
2.4 标定试验设计原理 7
第3章 钻削力传感器的设计与实验 9
3.1 钻削测力仪及传感器的安装与设计 9
3.1.1 钻削测力仪的弹性元件力学特性分析 9
3.1.2 传感器的安装 11
3.2 实验部分 12
3.2.1 应变式压力传感器 12
3.2.2 应变式扭矩传感器 13
第4章 测量放大电路的设计 15
4.1 测量放大电路的设计 15
4.1.1 电桥的联接与电路原理框图 15
4.1.2 交流放大电路 16
4.1.3 相敏检波电路 16
4.1.4低通滤波电路 17
4.2 测量放大电路的实验部分 19
4.2.1 压力传感器放大电路部分 19
4.2.2 扭矩传感器放大电路部分 21
第5章 数模转换电路模块 22
5.1 压力传感器采集信号的数模转换 22
5.2 扭矩传感器采集信号的数模转换 23
第6章 单片机系统与程序调试 24
6.1 单片机信号采集系统 24
6.2 软件程序调试 25
第7章 Labview上位机处理与显示 27
第8章 总结 29
参考文献 30
致 谢 31
附录一: 价格清单 32
附录二: 电路原理图 33
附录三: 程序清单 34
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