基于单片机的超声精确定位系统设计(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文11000字)
摘要
在21世纪的今天，新技术新手段层出不穷，带动了商品经济的发展，同时也极大丰富了人们物质方面的各类需求，给人们的生活带来了巨大的便捷和新鲜感，让人们感受到新时代的美好。超声波是一种机械波，传播的指向性强，并且传播过程中能量消耗慢，这使得其可以传播到较远的距离，从而应用于距离测量。在生产生活中，超声波测距的实例并不少见，例如倒车仪便是应用了超声波对障碍物远近的测量作用，并且不同的车辆超声波发射和接收系统不互相干扰；超声波在工业生产中还可以监控水槽液面。
AT89C52是一款泛用性较高的单片机，其特点是控制稳定简单可行，而且价格低廉，易于搭建，与超声波测距系统切合度较高。在市面上同样有许多种类的超声波探头可以在设计中加以应用。
在系统设计时主要考虑到设计要具有更高的实用性，所以在装置中，增加温度补偿装置来提高精度；增加键盘以及蜂鸣器装置来通过设定达到最高/低值时提醒功能，来起到更好的提示作用。
实现超声波定位需要以超声波测距为基础，加以程序设计、运算，方能达到设计要求。
关键字：AT89C52单片机 超声波测距 实用功能
Abstract
With the development of social economy and the rapid development of science and technology, people not only enjoy the rich material and cultural life, but also feel the convenience brought by science and technology to life. Ultrasonic wave is a kind of mechanical wave with strong directional propagation and slow energy consumption during transmission, which enables it to travel to a far distance and is applied to distance measurement. In production and living, the ultrasonic ranging instance is not rare, such as reversing device is the application of ultrasonic measurement of obstacle distance function, and different vehicle ultrasonic transmitting and receiving system does not interfere with each other; The height of flume level in industry can also be measured in real time by distance measuring system.
AT89C52 is a single chip microcomputer with high universality, which is characterized by stable control, simple and feasible, low price, easy to build, and high suitability with ultrasonic ranging system. There are also many types of ultrasonic probes available in the market that can be used in design.
In the design of the system, it is considered that the design should be more practical. Add a keyboard and beeper device to provide better prompts by setting the alarm when the highest/lowest value is reached.
In order to achieve ultrasonic localization, it is necessary to take ultrasonic distance measurement as the basis, and design and operate the program to meet the design requirements.
Key Words：AT89C52 ultrasonic ranging Practical function
目录
第1章绪论 1
1.1课题背景及研究意义 1
1.2国内外技术发展概况 1
1.3设计思路及主要任务 2
第2章超声波测距系统 3
2.1超声波概述 3
2.2超声波传感器与发生装置 3
2.3超声波测距原理 4
2.4超声波定位的实现 4
3.1.硬件选择 7
3.1.1.AT89C51单片机简介 7
3.1.2.STC单片机简介 7
3.1.3.超声探测模块 8
3.1.4 MAX232芯片 10
3.1.5.数码管 10
3.1.6温度补偿器 11
3.1.7.报警模块 11
3.2硬件电路搭建与实现 12
3.2.1.系统框图 12
3.2.2．系统搭建及仿真 12
第4章软件的设计与实现 14
4.1程序设计思路 14
4.2程序框图 14
4.3各个部分程序功能介绍 15
第5章搭建与调试说明 16
5.1搭建条件及成果说明 16
5.2测试结果 16
5.3误差分析 16
第6章设计总结 18
参考文献 19
附录 20
附录A 实物与操作图 20
附录B 参考代码 21
致谢 27
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