电动汽车的有序充电策略研究(论文20000字)
摘要
现在，环境污染越来越严重，资源也越来越紧张。在这样的情况下，由于节能减排的优势，电动汽车受到的关注越来越多。而如今，越来越成熟的技术也导致电动汽车的应用越来越广泛。通过各种设备，电动车能够通过电网实现充电，这样，未来必然会对电网造成一定的影响。对于如何评定电动汽车所带来的充电负荷的影响，并且解决这种影响方面，本文有比较深入的系统性研究。本文基于蒙特卡洛模拟法，分析并评估了不同发展规模下，电动汽车充电对于电网所造成的影响进行了一定的研究，并以此为基础，提出基于峰谷电价引导策略为主的实现有序充电的方式，从而构建起用户行为对于峰谷电价的相应模型。本文取得了以下主要成果：
对电动汽车有序充电的概念进行概括总结，此外以定量手段分析了三种不同的充电设备在低渗透率下，对电网所造成的影响；对乘用车车主的行为进行了统计概率分析，基于分析结果，使用蒙特卡洛模拟方法，对不同数量的电动汽车充电载荷下，电网曲线所受到的影响情况进行仿真和评估；引入有序充电概念，并基于此提出对峰谷电价的引导方案，通过用户侧的响应模型，预测方案的实施效果，并且根据这种方案的预测和遗传算法，提出一种对有序充电的峰谷时段进行优化的方法，选择出在方案实施后，能够达成最小峰谷差率的峰谷电价时段。
关键词：电动汽车有序充电蒙特卡洛法峰谷电价电价时段优化
Research on Charging Strategy of Electric Vehicle
Abstract
Now, the environmental pollution is more and more serious, the resources are also getting more and more nervous. In this case, due to the advantages of energy saving and emission reduction, electric vehicles are more and more attention. Nowadays, more and more mature technology has led to the application of electric vehicles more and more widely. Through a variety of equipment, electric vehicles can be charged through the grid, so that the future is bound to have a certain impact on the power grid. This paper has a systematic study on how to evaluate the effect of the charging load caused by the electric vehicle and to solve the problem. The based on Monte Carlo simulation method, analyze and evaluate the development of different size, electric vehicle charging for power grid caused by the influence of certain research, and take this as the foundation, proposed based on peak and valley price guide strategy implementation to charge ordered way, so as to construct user behavior for the corresponding model of peak valley electricity price. The following main achievements are obtained in this paper:
First, the concept of orderly charging of electric vehicles is summarized, in addition to quantitative analysis of three different charging equipment in low permeability, the impact on the grid.
Second, behavior of passenger car owners were probability and statistics analysis, based on the results of the analysis, Monte Carlo simulation method is used, for different number of electric vehicle charging load and power curve is for simulation and evaluation;
Third, introduce the order charge concept and based on this proposed guidance scheme of peak and valley price, by the user side of the response model and prediction result of the implementation of the project, and according to the prediction and genetic algorithm, put forward a kind of charge ordered peak and valley time of optimization method, selected in the implementation of the program, can reach a minimum difference between peak and valley electricity price of peak and valley time.
Key Words: Electric vehicle; Ordered charging; Monte Carlo method; Peak valley; Electricity price; Period optimization
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章绪论 1
1.1 电动汽车有序充电研究的意义 1
1.2 国内外电动汽车产业发展现状 2
1.2.1 美国 2
1.2.2 欧盟 2
1.2.3 日本 3
1.2.4 中国 4
1.3 电动汽车有序充电的国内外研究现状 4
1.4 本文研究的现实意义及主要工作 6
1.4.1 本文研究的现实意义 6
1.4.2 本文的主要工作 6
第二章电动汽车有序充电 7
2.1 电动汽车充电的基本概念 7
2.1.1充电方式 7
2.1.2 充电设施 8
2.1.3 动力电池及其充电过程 9
2.2 有序充电的概念 10
2.3 本章小结 12
第三章基于蒙特卡洛法的大规模电动汽车充电需求预测 13
3.1 蒙特卡洛法 13
3.2 大规模电动汽车充电需求的概率模型 14
3.2.1 用户行为概率模型 15
3.2.3 规模充电负荷模拟 19
3.3 大规模电动汽车充电负荷对电网负荷曲线的影响 22
3.4 本章小结 25
第四章基于峰谷电价的电动汽车有序充电 26
4.1 峰谷电价 26
4.1.1 实施峰谷电价的原因和意义 26
4.1.2 电动汽车有序充电的峰谷电价引导政策 27
4.2 电价政策引导下的用户充电时间选择 28
4.3 规模充电负荷计算 29
4.4 本章小结 32
第五章结论 33
5.1 本文总结 33
5.2 未来展望 34
参考文献 35 |
