等强度梁应力应变测试温度补偿方法研究(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文20000字)
摘要
大型金属结构的应力测试中环境温度的变化会对导致较大的测量误差，进而会造成大量财产甚至人身安全，因此对测量过程进行温度补偿研究具有十分重要的意义。本文旨在研究非恒温测试环境下电阻应变片和光纤光栅传感器的温度补偿原理及补偿效果，通过理论计算，有限元仿真及试验验证的方法得出在非恒温测试环境下光纤光栅传感器的温度补偿效果好于电阻应变片温度补偿效果。本文的主要工作如下：
首先，基于对该课题国内外研究现状分析的基础上，对传感器的定义和种类以及传感器的特性进行了阐述，在这个基础上分析了电阻应变片和光纤光栅传感器的工作原理、组成、温度补偿原理以及电阻应变片和光纤光栅传感器受温度影响的原因。
其次，采用理论研究方法对等强度梁应变理论值进行计算，并利用ANSYS软件对等强度梁进行建模仿真研究，分析其在恒温条件下施加固定载荷的应力应变情况，得出等强度梁在恒温条件下应力应变的理论值，为验证实验测试方案的正确性提供对比分析的依据。
最后，建立等强度梁应力应变测试温度补偿研究实验平台，分别对电阻应变片及光纤光栅传感器在恒温及变温条件下的应力应变情况进行测试，通过将恒温条件下测得的实验数据与理论值进行对比分析，验证了实验的正确性。在此基础上对恒温及变温条件下的四组实验数据进行对比分析，得出电阻应变片受温度变化影响较大，在变温环境下无法实现温度补偿，而光纤光栅传感器在两种工作条件下所测结果与实际值基本吻合，受温度变化影响不大。
关键词：电阻应变片传感器；光纤光栅传感器；温度补偿；ANSYS
Abstract
The change of ambient temperature in the stress test of large-scale metal structures will lead to larger measurement errors, which will result in a lot of property and even personal safety. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out temperature compensation research on the measurement process. The purpose of this paper is to study the temperature compensation principle and compensation effect of resistance strain gage and fiber grating sensor in non-isothermal test environment. Through theoretical calculation, finite element simulation and experimental verification method, the temperature compensation of fiber grating sensor under non-isothermal test environment is obtained. The effect is better than the resistance strain gauge temperature compensation effect. The main work of this article is as follows:
Firstly, based on the analysis of the research status of the subject at home and abroad, the definitions and types of sensors and the characteristics of sensors are described. Based on this, the composition, working principle and temperature of resistance strain gage and fiber grating sensors are analyzed in detail. The principle of compensation and the reasons for the influence of temperature on the strain gage and fiber grating sensors.
Secondly, the theoretical research methods are used to calculate the theoretical values of the equal strength beam strain, and using the ANSYS software to model and simulate the equal strength beam, analyze the stress and strain of the fixed load under constant temperature conditions, and obtain the equal strength beam. The theoretical values of stress and strain under constant temperature conditions provide the basis for comparative analysis to verify the correctness of the experimental test scheme.
Finally, an experimental platform for the temperature compensation of stress-strain testing for equal-strength beams was established. The stress-strain conditions of the resistance strain-gauge and fiber-optic-grating sensors under constant temperature and variable temperature conditions were tested, and the experimental data and theoretical values measured under constant temperature conditions were obtained. A comparative analysis was performed to verify the correctness of the experiment. Based on this, the four groups of experimental data under constant temperature and variable temperature conditions were compared and analyzed. It was concluded that the resistance strain gauges were greatly affected by temperature changes and that temperature compensation could not be achieved under variable temperature conditions, while the FBG sensors were under two working conditions. The measured results are basically consistent with the actual values and are not affected by the temperature changes.
Keywords: resistance strain gauge sensor;fiber grating sensor;temperature compensation;ANSYS
目录
第一章绪论 1
1.1论文研究背景 1
1.2论文研究的目的及意义 3
1.3国内外研究现状 3
1.3.1国内研究现状 3
1.3.2国外研究现状 4
1.4论文主要研究内容 5
第2章电阻应变片及光纤传感器温度补偿方法研究 7
2.1传感器的定义及种类 7
2.2传感器特性 9
2.3传感器受温度影响原因 10
2.4电阻应变片 10
2.4.1电阻应变片的组成 10
2.4.2电阻应变片的工作原理 11
2.4.3电阻应变片的温度补偿原理分析 11
2.5光纤光栅传感器 12
2.5.1光纤光栅传感器的组成 12
2.5.2光纤光栅传感器的工作原理 14
2.5.3光纤光栅传感器的温度补偿原理分析 15
2.6本章小结 16
第3章恒温环境下等强度梁应变理论计算及有限元仿真 17
3.1等强度梁的计算 17
3.2 SolidWorks建立等强度梁模型 18
3.3等强度梁ANSYS模拟仿真分析 19
3.4仿真结果分析 22
3.5本章小结 22
第4章非恒温测试环境下应变传感器温度补偿实验研究 23
4.1实验目的 23
4.2实验方案 23
4.2.1实验用具 23
4.2.2仪器架设以及传感器的布置 23
4.3实验设备介绍 25
4.3.1 TMR-7200应变仪 25
4.3.2 sm130光纤光栅解调仪 26
4.4实验过程 27
4.5实验分析 29
4.5.1 电阻应变片实验数据分析 29
4.5.2光纤光栅传感器实验数据分析 29
4.6电阻应变片与光纤光栅传感器实验分析对比 30
4.7实验结论 31
4.8本章小结 31
第5章论文研究的经济性与环保性分析 32
第6章总结与展望 34
6.1总结 34
6.2展望 34
参考文献 36
致谢 37
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