激励机制和奖励办法：竞争性招标在采购与谈判

中文翻译:
            激励机制和奖励办法：竞争性招标在采购与谈判(中文2500字,英文1600字)
摘   要     
买方会使用一个定制好的竞争性招标或谈判选择承包商吗？为了关注这个问题，我们提供了一个框架，首先介绍合同买方的选择，然后将这个选择与竞争性招标或谈判相联系。分析表明对于使用竞争性招标有大量可能性的限制。当项目是复杂的时候，这些可能会执行不佳，合同的设计也不完整，很少有可用的竞投者。此外，竞争性招标，可能会扼杀买家和卖家的交流，防止利用承包商的专业买家当设计项目。这些结果在采购的启示私营和公共部门进行了讨论。
 
外文原文：
      Incentives and Award Procedures: Competitive Tendering vs. Negotiations in Procurement
Abstract
    Should the buyer of a customized good use competitive bidding or negotiation to select a contractor? To shed light on this question, we a framework that first describes the buyer’s choice of contracts, and then links this choice to the selection of competitive tendering or negotiations. The analysis suggests a number of possible limitations to the use of competitive tendering. These may perform poorly when projects are complex, contractual design is incomplete and there are few available bidders. Furthermore, competitive tendering may stifle communication between buyers and sellers, preventing the buyer from utilizing the contractor’s expertise when designing the project. Implications of these results for procurement in the private and public sector are discussed.