污水处理技术通过USAB的期望与现实

污水处理技术通过USAB的期望与现实(中文3780字,英文2280字,英文PDF)
dr.vinod皮和培训服务处内马
摘要
与经验超过十年，一半的USAB污水处理中的国家，有一些固有的局限性，特别是在技术和厌氧过程中一般都没有实现。企图从根本上产生能量或实现改善废水水质不相称的能源投入，违反了热力学第二定律。城市污水是一个高ertropy材料有机负荷低，不适合作为原料的一个明显的'液体生物反应器'希望的可靠的输出能量。在最初需氧量'的污水从USAB反应堆有可能横扫溶解氧接收水体非常短的时间内。后处理要求表面否定尺寸优势往往声称其支持者。该发电功能，被认为是其独特的销售主张是没有发现能成为一个可持续的途径，因为低和不沼气产量高的微生物敏感性，以温度变化破坏厌氧工艺在冬天的时候几乎沼气站;要求补充燃料土著决斗燃油系统（其中确定了国家的艺术在该国） ;无法通过热电联产路线，余热利用等除此之外，其环境足迹也是不可取的，腐蚀性的氛围造成的释放硫化氢和其他气体造成损害的厂房，设备和毗邻公共和私人建筑，并造成异味的邻近社区。本文试图把所有的局限性USAB技术和提倡替代有氧现实技术解决方案。

sewage treatment through USAB technology expectations and reality
dr.vinod tare and asit nema
abstract
with experience of over a decade and half of USAB for sewage treatment in the country, a number of inherent limitations of the technology in particular and that of anaerobic processes in general have been realized. Fundamentally attempting to generate energy or achieve improvement in wastewater quality without commensurate energy inputs is in violation of the second law of thermodynamics. Municipal sewage being a high ertropy material with low organic loads, it is not suitable as a feedstock for an apparent ‘liquid bioreactor’ promising reliable output of energy. The ‘initial oxygen demand’ of effluent from a USAB reactor has potential to sweep the dissolved oxygen of receiving water bodies in a very short period of time. Post treatment requirement prima facie negate the smaller footprint advantage often claimed by its proponents. The energy generation feature which was considered to be its unique selling proposition is not found to be a sustainable avenue either, because of low and inconsistent biogas yield-high microbial sensitivity to temperature variations which disrupts anaerobic process in winter when virtually biogas generation stops; requirement of supplementary fuel in indigenous duel fuel systems (which define the state of art in the country ); inability to adopt cogeneration route for waste heat utilization etc. on top of this, its environmental footprint is also not desirable-the corrosive ambience created by release of hydrogen sulphide and other gases causes damage to plant, equipment and adjoining public and private buildings and also creates odour nuisance for the adjacent community. This paper attempts to bring out all the limitations of the USAB technology and advocates for alternative aerobic realistic technology solutions.