开源企业资源计划系统的业务模型框架

开源企业资源计划系统的业务模型框架(中文5000字,英文3000字)
摘要
开源软件已经成为企业资源规划（ERP）系统领域的一员。目前还不清楚它在各组织中的分布程度，但显然存在机会。提供ERP软件的新方法，例如软件即服务（SaaS）已经出现。一些较小的供应商使用免费分销系统（免费/开源ERP，FOS-ERP）作为其源代码，依靠各种商业模式获得企业成功。 我们提出了一个旨在分析FOS-ERP业务模型的框架。已经尝试在SourceForge.com等网站上生成FOS-ERP组件，这些组件不仅可以自由分发，而且还可以通过社区参与开发，与开发Linux相同。一些ERP供应商使用社区开发的组件来实现各种目的，以支持其专有软件。因此，ERP系统的一个维度是基于谁指导开发过程。专有ERP是指拥有密切知识产权的系统，例如SAP和Oracle的领先市场产品以及许多小企业的竞争对手。FOS-ERP可以基于社区，也可以由某个组织赞助。讨论了FOS-ERP与其专有等价物（P-ERP）在业务模型，选择，定制和演进等方面的差异。
关键词
商业模式，企业资源计划（ERP），评估，开源。

Business Model Framework for Open Source Enterprise Resource Planning Systems
ABSTRACT
Open source software has become a player in the field of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. While it is still unclear to what extent it has diffused among organizations, it is clear that opportunities exist.  New ways of delivering ERP software, such as software as a service (SaaS) have appeared. Some smaller vendors utilized a free distribution system (Free/Open Source ERP, FOS-ERP) for their source code, relying on various business models for corporate success. We present a framework that aims at analyzing FOS-ERP business models. There have been attempts to generate FOS-ERP components found on sites such as SourceForge.com that are not only distributed freely, but also were developed through community participation much as Linux has been developed. Some ERP vendors use community developed components for various purposes to support their proprietorial software. Thus one dimension of ERP systems is based upon who directs the development process. Proprietorial ERP refers to systems with closely held intellectual property rights, such as the leading market products by SAP and Oracle as well as many smaller proprietorial competitors. FOS-ERP can be community based, or sponsored by some organization.  The differences between FOS-ERP and their proprietary equivalents (P-ERP) in terms of business models, selection, customization, and evolution are discussed.  
Keywords
Business Models, Enterprise resource planning (ERP), Evaluation, Open Source.