调整建筑信息模型工具和施工管理方法

调整建筑信息模型工具和施工管理方法(中文7000字,英文4000字)
摘要：几乎没有实证研究可以解释不同的基于建筑信息模型（BIM）的工具实施策略如何在实际环境中发挥作用。为了帮助克服这一差距，本文描述了两个基于BIM的工具的实施，第一个是支持建筑公司估算部门的活动，第二个是支持大型基础设施项目的风险管理活动。通过这些案例，我们说明可以将现有基于BIM的工具的功能与特定的和完善的施工管理工作流程紧密结合。通过这种方式，我们说明可以以“技术拉动”的方式在建筑组织中实施基于BIM的工具。通过这些发现，我们补充了现有的施工管理实施理论，提倡“技术推动”方式实施，在此期间，现有的工作流程需要从根本上改变，以与基于BIM的工具的功能保持一致。
关键词：技术实施；成本估算；风险管理；建筑信息模型；技术拉动；4D；工程估算；施工管理；工作流程。
 
Aligning building information model tools and construction management methods
Abstract
Few empirical studies exist that can explain how different Building Information Model (BIM) based tool implementation strategies work in practical contexts. To help overcoming this gap, this paper describes the implementation of two BIM based tools, the first, to support the activities at an estimating department of a construction company and the second, to support risk management activities on a large infrastructure project. Using the cases, we illustrate that it is possible to closely align the functionality of existing BIM based tools with specific and well established construction management work processes. In this way, we illustrate that it is possible to implement BIM based tools in construction organizations in a "technology pull" manner. With these findings, we complement existing implementation theories in construction management that advocate "technology push" implementations during which existing work processes need to be radically changed to align with the functionality of the BIM based tools.
Keywords
Technology implementationCostestimatingRiskmanagementBuilding information modelTechnology pull4DQuantity take offConstructionmanagementWork processes