基于Ansys汽车车架有限元分析(含CATIA三维图)(开题报告,论文说明书14000字,CATIA三维图,ANSYS有限元分析)
摘 要
汽车车架是整个汽车的基体,是汽车设计中一个重要的环节。车架支撑着发动机离合器、变速器、转向器、非承载式车身和货箱等所有簧上质量的重要机件,承受着传给它的各种力和力矩。因此,车架必须要有足够的弯曲刚度,也要有足够的强度,以保证其有足够的可靠性与寿命。同时,随着现在汽车的发展,载重货车的乘坐舒适性,操控性能也在不断提高,因此车架的设计还应同时兼顾舒适性和操控性。
本文以商用载重货车为研究目标,结合货车的各项参数,对车架进行设计。确定了车架总成以及纵梁横梁的各项参数。运用CATIA软件做出了车架的三维模型图。同时利用ANSYS WORKBENCH有限元分析软件对车架的四种典型工况做出静力分析,得到各种工况下的变形情况和应力分布情况,同时对车架进行了模态分析。最后根据分析结果对车架做出优化建议。
关键词:载重货车;车架;结构设计;有限元分析
Abstract
The vehicle frame is the base of the car, is one of the most important parts in the automobile design. Frame supports the engine clutch, transmission, steering gear, non bearing body and the container all spring quality the important parts, bear and pass it on to all kinds of force and moment. Therefore, the frame must have enough bending stiffness, also want to have enough strength, to ensure sufficient reliability and life. At the same time, with now the development of automobile and truck ride comfort, handling performance also continues to increase, so design of the frame should also combine comfort and handling.
In this paper, the commercial truck as the research objective, combined with the parameters of the truck, the frame design. Frame assembly and the longitudinal beam parameters were determined. The 3D model chart of the frame was made by SolidWorks software.. At the same time, the finite element analysis software ANSYS Workbench of the frame of four kinds of typical working conditions to make static analysis, obtained under various conditions of deformation and stress distribution, and the modal analysis of the frame. Finally, according to the results of the analysis of the frame to make optimization recommendations.
Keywords:Truck; frame;structure design; finite element analysis
车架的结构设计
在进行车架设计时,首先需要根据整车的承载能力,确定车架的载荷,通过力学知识进行主要部件的初步校核,确定纵梁等承载件的尺寸,然后根据部件间的结构连接关系,确定其他部件的设计。
车架设计输入如下:
整车质量:7.5吨
额定载重:4000Kg;
整车长度:5810mm;
轴距:3390mm
发动机功率:125Kw
发动机最大扭矩:600N•m
变速箱一挡速比:14.014
车桥速比:4.875
最高车速:95Km/h
轮胎型号: 8.25R16
目录
1货车车架设计概述 5
1.1车架的设计要求 5
1.2车架的结构形式 5
1.3横梁、纵梁及其联接 8
2车架的结构设计 9
2.1车架长度及材料的选取 9
2.2纵梁截面尺寸的确定 10
2.3纵梁的强度计算 12
2.4纵梁的刚度条件 14
3.车架三维建模 16
3.1车架建模概述 16
3.2车架装配建模概述 18
4.车架有限元分析概述 19
4.1 结构静力分析的有限元基础 19
4.2工况载荷确定 20
4.3分析载荷计算 20
5.车架有限元分析 22
5.1 有限元模型建立 22
5.2 网格划分 25
5.2 模型边界条件 28
5.3 有限元分析结果 29
结论 35
参考文献 36
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