电动汽车车门拼焊板轻量化设计(含CAD零件装配图,CATIA三维图)(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文说明书10200字,CAD图8张,CATIA三维图)
摘要
近年来人们越来越多得把拼焊板技术应用于汽车结构设计中，尤其是车身结构中，比如车门内板。这是因为拼焊板车门相较于传统车门具有零件数目少、局部刚度强度高、成产成本低以及能够实现车身轻量化的优点。但是目前为止还没有一套系统的方法来指导拼焊板的结构设计，仅靠工程师的经验来进行生产往往具有盲目性，不能把拼焊板的优势发挥到极致，所以基于拼焊板的车门强量化设计具有一定的研究价值。
本设计首先对比了传统车门及拼焊板车门在结构上的不同之处，分析了拼焊板车门能够实现轻量化的具体原因；之后针对东风旗下某款电动汽车的车门在日常使用中出现的因为下沉而造成的闭合不严以及漏风渗水等问题，通过三维建模，导入有限元分析软件Hypermesh中进行有限元前处理，然后通过加载的方法测试了车门外部载荷下的刚度强度情况，以此为依据来进行拼焊板的板料分块以及焊缝布置的工作；最后通过实验来验证拼焊板结构的车门较传统车门达到了强量化的目的。
做完车门模型的仿真分析，得出焊缝的布置位置，本文又对拼焊板焊缝做了进一步研究。分析了焊缝移动量对拼焊板冲压性能的影响，用以指导在冲压成型之初拼焊板的结构设计。
关键词：拼焊板；车门；轻量化设计；焊缝
Abstract
In recent years, more and more people have to use tailor-welding technology in the design of automotive structures, especially in the body structure, such as the door inner panel. This is because the tailor-welded door has the advantages of fewer parts, higher local stiffness and strength, lower production cost, and lighter weight of the vehicle body compared to the conventional door. But so far there is no systematic method to guide the structural design of tailor-welded plates. It is often blind to rely solely on the experience of engineers to produce the products. Therefore, the advantages of tailor-welded plates cannot be maximized. Therefore, tailor-made welded plates are used. Strong quantitative design has a certain research value.
The design first compares the structural differences between the traditional door and the tailored welded door, and analyzes the specific reasons why the tailored welded door can be lightweight; afterwards, the 3D modelling of the door of an electric vehicle belonging to Dongfeng is introduced. Finite element analysis software Hypermesh conducted finite element analysis, and then through the loading method to test the stiffness of the door under the conditions of self-weight and external load, based on which to carry out tailor-welded plate blanking and Weld layout work; Finally through experiments to verify the tailored welded plate structure of the door compared to the traditional door to achieve a strong quantitative goal.
Carry out simulation analysis of the door model to obtain the location of the weld, and this article also made further research on the tailor welded plate weld. The influence of the weld movement on the stamping performance of the tailored welded plate was analyzed to guide the structural design of the tailor welded plate at the beginning of the stamping process.
Key words：welded panels；doors； lightweight design；welds
目录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1本设计研究背景及意义 1
1.1.1研究背景 1
1.1.2研究目的及意义 2
1.2国内外研究现状 3
1.2.1拼焊板的诞生与应用发展 3
1.2.2拼焊板在我国的应用现状 4
1.2.3拼焊板结构设计的研究 4
1.3课题研究内容 5
第2章车门门体结构介绍 6
2.1车门外板 6
2.2车门加强横梁 6
2.3车门内板 7
2.4车门加强板 7
2.5车门窗框 7
第3章基本理论和技术方案 8
3.1汽车有限元分析技术 8
3.2车门垂直刚度和侧向刚度 8
3.2.1车门垂直刚度 8
3.2.2车门窗框侧向刚度 8
3.2.3强度 9
3.3本设计采用的模拟方案 9
3.3.1软件介绍 9
3.3.2模拟方案 9
第4章拼焊板焊缝研究 12
4.1连接方式 12
4.1.1刚性单元连接 12
4.1.2共节点连接 13
4.1.3梁单元连接 13
4.1.4壳单元连接 13
4.2焊缝缺陷 14
第5章车门内板加载分析及焊缝确定 16
5.1初始值加载分析结果 16
5.1.1刚度分析 16
5.1.2变形位移分析 16
5.2调整后加载分析结果 18
5.2.1刚度分析 18
5.2.2变形位移分析 18
第6章结论 20
6.1焊缝位置的确定 20
6.2轻量化结果分析 20
6.3全文总结 21
6.4工作展望 22
参考文献 23
致谢 24
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