用于波束扫描天线的馈电网络的设计与研究

用于波束扫描天线的馈电网络的设计与研究(论文12000字)
摘要：为了实现天线的波束扫描，本文在分析了Butler馈电网络相比于其他波束切换方法所具有的优势后，设计了一个四端口Butler矩阵。首先我们阐述了Butler矩阵实现波束切换的基本原理，给出了波束指向的推导公式，并在HFSS中仿真了天线阵列的波束切换。然后从基础组成器件出发，利用奇偶模分析法对定向耦合器进行分析并求解出其S矩阵，总结出它在幅度、相位分布上的特点，然后设计了工作于5.8GHZ的3dB定向耦合器，并利用ADS软件进行仿真，然后在CST软件中进行优化，最后在HFSS软件中进行验证。再设计出满足需要的0dB定向耦合器并在HFSS软件中进行仿真。最后利用已经设计好的元件搭建出等幅分布的四端口Butler矩阵并进行仿真，仿真结果显示该馈电网络基本能够实现四端口等幅输出、相邻端口之间有相同的相位延迟或超前的要求。
关键词：波束切换；Butler矩阵；奇偶模分析；定向耦合器；相位分布

Design And Research Of Feed Network For Beam Scanning Antenna
Abstract:In order to realize the beam scanning of antenna, this paper analyzes the advantages of Butler feed network compared with other beam switching methods, and designs a four port Butler matrix. First of all, we expatiate the basic principle of Butler matrix to realize beam switching, give the derivation formula of beam pointing, and simulate the beam switching of antenna array in HFSS. Then from the basic components of analysis of directional coupler and solved its S matrix using the parity mode, summed up in its amplitude and phase distribution characteristics, and then design a 3dB directional coupler working at 5.8GHZ, and the simulation by ADS software, and then optimized in CST software, finally verified in HFSS software. Furthermore, the 0dB directional coupler which meets the requirement is designed and simulated in HFSS software. The components have been designed to build as a four port Butler matrix distribution and the simulation, the simulation results show that the feed network can realize the same phase delay or advance requirements between the four port and adjacent port output.
Key words: beam scanning;Butler matrix;even and odd mode analysis;direct feed;
phase distribution

目录
1 绪论
  1.1研究背景及其意义...............................................................................................................6
1.2国内外发展状况.....................................................................................................6
 1.3论文结构...............................................................................................................................7
2 Butler馈电天线阵的研究
  2.1Butler矩阵的构成与基本原理..................................................................................8
  2.2波束扫描天线的基本原理.......................................................................................10
2.21 Butler矩阵多波束天线形成原理.....................................................................10
2.22 多波束天线在HFSS中的模拟仿真....................................................................11
  2.3Butler矩阵的幅度加权.........................................................................................................13
3 四端口Butler矩阵的设计与研究
  3.1 3dB定向耦合器的设计与优化................................................................................14
    3.11 用奇偶模分析法分析3dB定向耦合器...............................................................14
    3.12 3dB定向耦合器的设计步骤..............................................................................20
    3.13 ADS中3dB定向耦合器的设计.........................................................................20
3.14 CST中3dB定向耦合器的参数优化...................................................................23
3.15 HFSS中3dB定向耦合器的建模与仿真......................................................................23
  3.2 0dB定向耦合器及移相器的设计.............................................................................24
  3.3四端口Butler矩阵的仿真与优化.............................................................................26
4  总结与展望
参考文献