超声波倒车雷达设计(论文9200字)
摘 要
近年来，我国的汽车数量正逐年增加。在公路、街道、停车场、车库等拥挤、狭窄的地方倒车时，驾驶员既要前瞻，又要后顾，稍有不小心就会产生追尾事故。因此，增加汽车的后视能力，研究汽车后部探测障碍物的倒车雷达便成为近些年来的研究热点。为此，设计了以单片机为核心，利用超声波实现无接触测距的倒车雷达系统。工作时，超声波发射器不断发射出一系列连续脉冲，给测量逻辑电路提供一个短脉冲，最后由信号处理装置对接收的信号进行处理，计算出车与障碍物之间的距离。 本设计以STC89C52RC作为主控芯片，采用超声波测距模块HC-SR04作为超声波发射和接收芯片,LCD1602作为测得超声波的显示模块。主控单片机通过电平触发超声波测距模块开始工作，然后读取超声波模块返回信号，进行数据处理得出当前所测距离，通过液晶显示，并调节报警电路蜂鸣器鸣叫快慢，可通过声音粗略判断距离。
关键词：超声波传感器 单片机 液晶显示
Design of Ultrasonic Reverse Radar
Abstract
In recent years,China's number of cars is increasing every year.Highways, streets,parking,garage and other crowded places narrow reverse,the driver should not only forward but also looking back,a little rear-end careless accidents can occur.So after the increase of motor vehicles as the ability to detect obstacles on the development of the rear of the car reversing radar has become the research hotspot in recent years.the ultrasonic transmitter continuously emits a series of consecutive pulses to the measurement of logic circuits to provide a short pulse.Finally,signal processing devices based on the received signal for processing the time difference,automatic calculation of turnout and the distance between obstacles.Ultrasonic Ranging simple,low cost,easy production,but the transmission speed by a larger weather can not be precise range;In addition,the ultrasonic energy and the attenuation is directly proportional to the square of the distance,the farther the distance,the lower sensitivity and thus Ultrasonic Ranging way so that only apply to a shorter distance.The design of STC89C52RC as the main control chip ultrasonic ranging module, using HC-SR04 as the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving chip, LCD1602 as the measured ultrasonic display module. The main control chip through the level trigger ultrasonic ranging module starts to work, and then read the ultrasonic return signal data processing module, we found the range, through the liquid crystal display, and the regulation of the alarm circuit the buzzer sounds speed, can use voice rough distance.
Key words: ultrasonic sensor; single chip microcomputer; liquid crystal display
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 目的与意义 1
1.3 设计思想及主要内容 2
1.3.1 设计指标 2
1.3.2 设计原理 3
第二章 方案选择 4
2.1 主控芯片选择 4
2.2 传感器选择 4
2.3显示器件的选择 4
2.4 系统框图 5
第三章 系统硬件电路设计 6
3.1 单片机介绍 6
3.1.2 STC89C52概述 6
3.1.3单片机最小系统设计 7
3.2 显示电路设计 7
3.2.1 液晶显示器 7
3.2.3液晶初始化设置 9
3.3 传感器电路设计 10
3.4 蜂鸣器电路的设计 12
第四章 系统软件设计 13
4.1 主程序设计 13
4.2 LCD1602液晶显示驱动程序设计 14
4.2.1基本操作时序表 15
4.2.2液晶显示流程 15
4.3 传感器程序设计 16
第五章 软硬件调试 18
5.2 软件的调试 19
5.3 测试结果的分析 19
结束语 20
参考文献 21
致谢 22
硬件电路原理图 23
PCB电路图 24
程序代码： 25
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