永磁同步电机变频调速系统的效率优化控制(任务书,开题报告,论文14000字)
摘 要
随着人们在永磁材料领域更加深入的研究突破，永磁同步电机（Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor，PMSM）获得了更为广泛的应用，与之相对应的控制技术也获得了极大的进展。永磁同步电机具有较高的功率因数、运行效率，而且其体积小、重量轻、过载能力强，在当前世界能源短缺的背景下获得了十分重要的应用地位。然而由于实际工况下永磁同步电机经常需要工作在轻载或是负载不断变化的条件下，这时其运行效率会有一定程度的下降，所以研究永磁同步电机变频调速系统的效率优化控制方法具有重要意义。
论文首先从基本的永磁同步电机结构和工作原理出发，通过坐标变换建立了内置式永磁同步电机（Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor，IPMSM）考虑铁耗的d-q轴数学模型。其次详细介绍了内置式永磁同步电机直接转矩控制技术的基本原理，在充分的损耗与效率分析的基础之上，得出了损耗与转矩、转速以及定子磁链的关系，并以定子磁链作为优化变量，推导出在不同工况下使电机效率最优的定子磁链幅值计算公式，以此为基础，结合空间电压矢量调制的方法，构建了IPMSM效率优化的直接转矩控制系统，并根据系统结构图在Matlab/Simulink软件中搭建了IPMSM效率优化直接转矩控制系统的仿真模型，在不同工况下进行仿真。仿真结果表明，本文采用的方法具有良好的动静态性能，转矩脉动较小，有效优化了电机稳态运行的效率。
关键词：永磁同步电机 直接转矩控制 空间电矢量调制 效率优化 仿真模型
Efficiency Optimization Control of Variable Frequency Speed Regulating System of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Abstract
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) has been widely used as a result of more in-depth breakthroughs in the field of permanent magnet materials, and the corresponding control technology has also made great progress. Permanent magnet synchronous motor has a high power factor, operating efficiency, and its small size, light weight, overload capacity, in the current world of energy shortage in the context of access to a very important application status. However, due to the actual conditions of permanent magnet synchronous motor often need to work in the light load or load constantly changing conditions, then its operating efficiency will have a certain degree of decline, so the study of permanent magnet synchronous motor frequency control system efficiency optimization Control method is of great significance.
Based on the structure and working principle of the permanent permanent magnet synchronous motor, the d-q axis mathematical model considering the iron consumption of the built-in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) is established by coordinate transformation. Secondly, the relationship between loss and torque, speed and stator flux is obtained. Based on the method of spatial voltage vector modulation, the direct torque control of IPMSM efficiency is constructed based on the method of calculating the amplitude of the stator flux with the best motor efficiency under different working conditions. The simulation model of IPMSM optimization direct torque control system is built in Matlab / Simulink software according to the system structure diagram, and the simulation is carried out under different working conditions. The simulation results show that the proposed method has good dynamic and static performance, and the torque ripple is small, which effectively optimizes the efficiency of steady - state operation of the motor.
Key Words:Permanent magnet synchronous motor；Direct torque control；Space voltage vector modulation；Efficiency optimization；Simulation model
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 交流调速技术的发展 1
1.2 永磁同步电机控制技术 2
1.2.1恒压频比控制 2
1.2.2 矢量控制 2
1.2.3 直接转矩控制 2
1.3 交流电机的效率优化控制技术 3
1.3.1 在线搜索控制 3
1.3.2 基于损耗模型的控制 3
1.3.3 效率优化控制方法存在的问题及改进措施 4
1.4 课题研究的意义与背景 4
1.5 本文主要内容及章节安排 5
第二章 永磁同步电机数学模型及控制策略 6
2.1永磁同步电机概述 6
2.1.1 永磁同步电机的结构与分类 6
2.1.2 永磁同步电机的工作原理 6
2.2 坐标变换及数学模型 7
2.2.1 Clark变换 9
2.2.2 Park变换 10
2.2.3 永磁同步电机在d-q坐标系中的数学模型 11
2.3 永磁同步电机的直接转矩控制基本原理 13
2.4 空间电压矢量调制 14
2.5 本章小结 19
第三章 永磁同步电机的损耗模型及效率优化控制 20
3.1 永磁同步电机的损耗与效率分析 20
3.2 考虑铁耗的永磁同步电机数学模型 21
3.3 基于铁耗模型的效率优化控制 22
3.3.1 最优定子磁链推算 22
3.3.2 IPMSM直接转矩控制效率优化系统结构 25
3.4 本章小结 25
第四章 永磁同步电机直接转矩控制效率优化系统仿真 26
4.1 IPMSM直接转矩控制的效率优化仿真模型 26
4.2 仿真结果与分析 29
4.3 本章小结 33
第五章 总结与展望 34
参考文献 35
|
