夫妻忠诚协议法律效力相关问题研究(硕士)(论文22000字)
摘 要
夫妻忠诚协议是具有合法婚姻关系的夫妻双方所约定的夫妻双方不得违反的婚外性行为义务、约定违约责任、以变更夫妻人身权利义务或财产权利义务为内容的协议，目的是为了维系夫妻双方婚姻关系的持续稳定，或者是为了惩罚有过错方而达成的协议。对于夫妻忠诚协议，并不是偶然产生的，而是社会经济、法学不断发展的产物，近年来，人们的生活水平越来越高，同时人们的生活节奏越来越快，但与此相对应的是，人们的婚姻越来越脆弱，夫妻双方的不安全感越来越强烈，加上道德、法律义务不清楚，导致人们不得不采用某种手段来维持自己的婚姻，在这种情况下，夫妻忠诚协议应运而生。夫妻忠诚协议是在法理、社会学理论的支撑下存在的，忠诚协议是民事法律行为，具备人身性和财产性的契约。由于立法方面没有明文规定夫妻忠诚协议，人们对其理解有一定的差异，以及司法实践中的诸多纠纷，急需立法上予以明确，以保障夫妻婚姻关系的稳定。而夫妻双方通过签订忠诚协议来维持婚姻安全的方式，急需在司法上和法学界进行明确表态。因此，对夫妻忠诚协议的法律效力进行详细的研究，保证夫妻忠诚协议人双方的利益，确保夫妻忠诚协议纠纷能顺利的审理，从而为夫妻婚姻稳定提供保障。夫妻忠诚协议的生效条件应为：（1）忠诚协议双方应具备完全民事行为能力；（2）忠诚协议的内容应为夫妻双方真实意思表示；（3）忠诚协议内容需符合法律相关规范，不逾越合理限度；（4）忠诚协议应以书面形式呈现，必要时采取公证登记。对于夫妻忠诚协议，只要是在不违反法律，夫妻双方在自主、自愿、平等、公平，并表达真实想法下签订，其协议内容没有损害第三方的利益，那么夫妻忠诚协议应该具备法律效力。
关键词：夫妻忠诚协议；法律效力；忠实义务；民事契约；婚姻本质；民事法律行为
Abstract
Marital loyalty agreement is extramarital sex couples have a legal obligation of marriage agreed by both spouses must not violate, breach of the agreement, to change the matrimonial property rights and obligations, or the rights and obligations for the content of the agreement, the purpose is to maintain both spouses sustained and stable marriage, or to punish the innocent party and agreements. For couples loyalty agreement, not by accident, but the socio-economic, legal product evolving in recent years, people's standard of living getting higher and higher, while people increasingly fast pace of life, but this corresponds yes, people are more fragile marriage, the couple's sense of insecurity and more intense, with the moral, legal obligation to know, cause people to have to use some means to maintain their marriage, in this case, marital loyalty agreement came into being. Marital loyalty agreement is in support legal, sociological theory of the presence of loyalty agreement is a civil legal act, have personal and property contracts.Since the legislation does not expressly provide marital loyalty agreement, people have some understanding of their differences, as well as judicial practice of many disputes, urgently needed legislation to be clear, in order to protect the stability of the couple's marital relationship. And the couple to stay married safe way by signing a loyalty agreement, much needed in the judicial and legal circles were clear. Thus, the legal effect of marital loyalty agreement to conduct a detailed study to ensure that the interests of both spouses loyalty agreement people, to ensure a smooth marital loyalty agreement dispute hearing, so as to provide protection stable marriage couples. In my opinion, the entry into force of the couple loyalty agreement are as follows: (1) the couple agreement between the parties should have full civil capacity; (2) Contents of loyalty agreements should be the couple's idea of representation; and (3) subject to the agreement of loyalty relevant legal norms, does not exceed a reasonable limit; (4) should exhibit loyalty agreement in writing, if necessary, take the notary registration. For couples loyalty agreement, as long as it does not violate the law, both spouses in independent, voluntary, equality, fairness, and expressed a real idea of signing, the agreement does not harm the interests of third parties, then the couple loyalty agreement should have the force of law.
Keywords: marital loyalty agreement；the force of law；the nature of marriage；civil contract；faithful duty；civil action
目 录
摘要 I
关键词 I
绪论 1
1.研究背景 1
2.研究意义 1
3.研究方法 2
一、夫妻忠诚协议概述 2
（一）夫妻忠诚协议的内涵 2
（二）夫妻忠诚协议的分类 2
（三）夫妻忠诚协议的性质 3
1.忠诚协议是民事法律行为 3
2.忠诚协议是具备人身性和财产性的契约 3
（四）夫妻忠诚协议存在原因 4
1.夫妻忠诚协议存在的法理原因 4
2.夫妻忠诚协议存在的社会原因 5
二、夫妻忠诚协议法律效力研究 5
（一）夫妻忠诚协议在立法方面没有明文规定 5
（二）司法实践对夫妻忠诚协议法律效力态度不一致 6
1.司法实践对夫妻忠诚协议法律效力持支持态度的判决 6
2.司法实践对夫妻忠诚协议法律效力持不支持态度的判决 7
（三）法学理论界对夫妻忠诚协议法律效力的争论 7
1.肯定说 8
2.否定说 8
3.中立说 9
三、夫妻忠诚协议法律效力法理分析 9
（一）婚姻关系的本质：一种特殊的契约关系 9
（二）忠实义务属于法律义务 9
（三）夫妻忠诚协议是对抽象夫妻权利义务的具体化 10
（四）夫妻忠诚协议中可提前拟定赔偿数额 10
（五）西方国家大多认定夫妻忠诚协议为有效 11
四、夫妻忠诚协议有效条件 11
（一）夫妻协议双方应具备完全民事行为能力 11
（二）忠诚协议的内容应为夫妻双方真实意思表示 11
（三）忠诚协议内容需符合法律相关规范，不逾越合理限度 12
1.夫妻忠诚协议不能与现有法律冲突 12
2.夫妻忠诚协议不能违背公序良俗 12
3.夫妻忠诚协议不应超过合理限度 13
（四）忠诚协议应以书面形式呈现，必要时采取公证登记 13
结语 14
参考文献 15
致谢词 16 |
